Ribonucleic acid

Ribonucleic acid, short for RNA, is a genetic information carrier that exists in biological cells and some viruses and viroids. RNA consists of ribonucleotides condensed through phosphodiester bonds to form long chain-like molecules. A ribonucleotide molecule consists of phosphate, ribose and base. There are four main bases of RNA, namely A adenine, G guanine, C cytosine, and U uracil. Among them, Uuracil replaces T in DNA. RNA is a single strand formed by transcribing a strand of DNA as a template and based on the principle of base complementary pairing. Its main function is to realize the expression of genetic information on proteins, and it is a bridge in the process of transforming genetic information into phenotype.